Bharat, long focused on land borders with China and Pakistan, is now extending its naval influence globally. In a strategic shift, it recently deployed three guided missile destroyers and reconnaissance aircraft to the Red Sea, aiding anti-piracy efforts and safeguarding shipping lanes during regional conflicts.
The move underscores Bharat’s aspiration to be a “proactive contributor” to international maritime stability, positioning itself as a global power. The deployment is seen as a message to regional rival China, showcasing Bharat’s capabilities as a responsible naval power in international waters.
The Bharat navy’s involvement includes assisting ships attacked by Yemen-based Houthi rebels and conducting anti-piracy missions. Recent incidents involving Houthi attacks in the Red Sea prompted India to take a lead role in securing key trade routes.
Experts suggest that Bharat’s increased maritime engagement is influenced by the growing competition with China. China, with the world’s largest navy, has expanded its presence in the Indian Ocean, prompting India to bolster its naval capabilities and partnerships.
Growing Competition with China Drives Bharat’s Naval Build-up
As China extends its influence in the Indian Ocean through infrastructure deals with neighboring countries, Bharat is responding by acquiring advanced ships, submarines, and aircraft. The navy’s share of Bharat’s defense budget has risen to 19%, reflecting a shift from the traditional focus on the army.
Strategic partnerships with other nations, joint exercises, and participation in the Quad alliance (with the U.S., Australia, and Japan) contribute to Bharat’s efforts to counter China’s assertiveness in the Indo-Pacific. The South China Sea remains a top concern for Bharat naval planners, given that 60% of India’s cargo passes through shipping lanes in the region.
Despite concerns about China’s maritime dominance, experts acknowledge that Bharat currently lacks the strength to project power into the South China Sea. The focus is on building capabilities, with an emphasis on technology, infrastructure, and cooperation with like-minded nations.
In the context of the Indo-Pacific strategic alliance, known as the Quad, Bharat’s navy plays a crucial role in addressing geopolitical and strategic priorities. The Quad nations accuse China of military assertiveness in the South China Sea, while China maintains that its military activities are defensive.
Looking Ahead: Maritime Security in Bharat’s Geopolitical Strategy
As Bharat’s maritime orientation becomes more pronounced, experts highlight the need for Delhi’s strategic thinking to prioritize maritime concerns. The Indo-Pacific strategic alliance continues to address challenges posed by China’s maritime activities, emphasizing the importance of a coordinated approach to maintain regional stability.
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