Bombay Stock Exchange: A Pillar of India’s Financial Market
The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), established on 9 July 1875, is the oldest stock exchange in India and Asia. Located in Mumbai, the capital of Maharashtra, BSE extends its reach to 417 cities across India. It is one of the two major stock exchanges in the Indian stock market, alongside the National Stock Exchange (NSE). BSE has been instrumental in positioning India prominently in the international financial market. It received permanent recognition under the Bombay Stock Exchange Security Contract Regulation Act of 1956. Today, BSE is the 9th largest stock exchange globally by market capitalization, with around 5000 companies listed on it.
Bombay Stock Exchange was established on July 9, 1875
– It is the oldest stock exchange in India and Asia
– This exchange has a reach of 417 cities
The first Five-Year Plan in India was implemented on July 9, 1951. These plans are introduced by the central government every five years to promote the economic and social development of the country. The chairman of the first plan was Jawaharlal Nehru, with Gulzarilal Nanda as the vice-chairman. The plan’s motto was “Development of Agriculture,” and it aimed to address issues arising from the partition and World War II. Its vision was to rebuild the nation after independence, laying the foundation for industrial and agricultural development, and providing affordable healthcare and education. The plan targeted a GDP growth of 2.1%, but the country achieved a growth rate of 3.6%. The Planning Commission, established on March 15, 1950, under the chairmanship of Nehru, was responsible for formulating these plans, focusing on the country’s overall development.
The first five-year plan was implemented in India on July 9, 1951
– The chairman of this five-year plan was Jawaharlal Nehru
– The vice-chairman of the five-year plan was Gulzarilal Nanda
– The plan is implemented by the central government for every 5 years
In a groundbreaking medical achievement, the world’s first open heart surgery took place on July 9, 1893, in Chicago’s southern part. The patient, James Cornish, had sustained a knife wound to his chest during a confrontation, damaging his heart. Dr. Daniel Hale Williams, an innovative surgeon, performed the surgery at a time when such procedures were considered nearly impossible due to limited medical advancements. Dr. Williams successfully accessed Cornish’s heart by making an incision near the ribs and performed the operation, which proved to be a success. James Cornish survived for the next 20 years following the surgery and was discharged from the hospital 51 days later.
The world’s first open heart surgery was performed on July 9, 1893
– This heart surgery took place in the south side of Chicago
– Dr. Daniel Hale Williams performed the first open heart surgery
– The patient was James Cornish, who was attacked with a knife
On July 9, 2011, South Sudan emerged as the world’s newest country following a referendum that marked its separation from Sudan. The division stemmed from decades of conflict between the predominantly Muslim North and the Christian-majority South. A peace agreement in 2005, known as the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, paved the way for the referendum. With overwhelming support, South Sudan voted to become an independent nation in January 2011. It officially became the 193rd country, with Juba as its capital.
On July 9, 2011, a new country South Sudan was formed by separating from Sudan
– In the year 2005, a peace agreement was signed between the north and south of Sudan
– The capital of South Sudan is the city of Juba
Argentina gained independence on July 9, 1816, after a war of independence against Spanish colonial rule. Previously occupied in 1776 due to abundant gold and silver resources, Argentina is South America’s second-largest country by both area and population, after Brazil. Its name, derived from “Argentum” meaning silver, reflects its historical wealth. Buenos Aires serves as both its capital and largest city, with Spanish as the predominant language and a rich cultural heritage blending European, Latin American, and African influences.
Argentina became independent on July 9, 1816
– Before independence, Argentina was under the rule of Spain
– The country is named after Argentum, which means ‘silver’
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