On August 21, 1972, the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 was enacted by the Lok Sabha. This crucial law aims to safeguard wildlife and their habitats in India, preserving the country’s biodiversity and protecting species at risk of extinction. The Act seeks to protect wild animals, birds, and plants, and to prevent poaching, smuggling, and illegal trade. It grants the Central Government the authority to designate certain areas as national parks. Additionally, both the Central and State Governments are empowered to take measures for wildlife conservation, including appointing special officers and developing conservation plans. Since its passage in 1972, the Act has been amended periodically to enhance its effectiveness in response to evolving circumstances. Violations of the Act are punishable by imprisonment for 3 to 7 years and a fine of up to ₹10,000.
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