On September 7, 1931, the second Round Table Conference began in London to discuss the future of British rule in India and Indian political representation. This conference followed the first Round Table Conference of 1930, which the Indian National Congress had boycotted due to the ongoing Civil Disobedience Movement. However, under the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, Gandhi and the Congress agreed to participate in the second conference. Represented by Gandhi, the Congress joined discussions that included intense debates on minority issues. Muslim League leader Mohammad Ali Jinnah sought a separate electorate for Muslims, while Ambedkar demanded a separate electorate for Dalits, which was later addressed by the Poona Pact. Despite these discussions, the conference, like the first, failed to reach a concrete agreement between the British government and Indian leaders.
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