Dr. Manmohan Singh was born on 26 September 1932 in Punjab, India, and served as the 13th Prime Minister of India from 22 May 2004 to 26 May 2014. He was the first Sikh to hold the office and the first Prime Minister since Jawaharlal Nehru to complete a five-year term successfully. Singh led the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government, which formed after the Congress party became the largest party in the 2004 general elections, securing 145 seats. His tenure was marked by controversies, including the coal scam and the 2G scam, leading to criticism of him as a “silent PM.” During his second term, from 2009 to 2014, concerns arose about his handling of the economy amid a slowdown. In recognition of his contributions, he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 1987.
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